Male was called“nu”while female was called “bi”.
“奴”最初为“古罪人” ,其中男称为“奴” ,女称为“婢” ;后作为谦词 ,亦是男女混用。
On the Peace-through-Marriage Policy of the Western Han Dynasty toward the Huns;
略论西汉对匈奴的“和亲”政策
Juyan Frontier Fortress function at the resisting the Huns in the Han Dynasties;
汉代居延塞在抵御匈奴中的作用
From Luntai Imperial Order to the Meeting on Salt and Iron——Viewing Big Change of the Policy on Huns During the Midand Late West Han Dynasty from Discourses on Salt and Iron
从“轮台诏”到“盐铁会议”——以《盐铁论》观西汉中后期对匈奴政策的重大转变
Genetic analyses on the affinities between tuoba Xianbei and Xiongnu populations;
拓跋鲜卑和匈奴之间亲缘关系的遗传学分析
New Explanation on Criminal Laws of Xiongnu——And the Objective and Characteristics of the Xiongnu Laws in Qin and Han Times;
匈奴刑法新解——兼论秦汉时期匈奴法律的立法目的与特点
A Study of Xiongnu Waist Ornaments and Related Issues;
匈奴腰饰牌及相关问题研究
Several Opinions on The Race of the Hun;
关于匈奴人种问题的几点认识
The Impact Hun Played On China History During the Period of Sixteen States;
十六国时期的匈奴对中国历史所产生的影响
Interpretation of the Relationship Between Hun and Han Dynasty with the Anthropology and Ethnology Theories;
匈奴与汉朝关系的民族学解读
slave labour, owners
奴隶的劳动、 奴隶主.
a person who is not a serf or a slave.
不是农奴或奴隶的人。
The slaves rebelled against their masters.
奴隶们奋起反抗奴隶主。
Slaves produced slave children.
奴隶生的孩子是奴隶。
The state of one who is bound as a slave or serf.
奴役一个人被迫做奴隶或农奴的状态
Three Little Slaves and Slave Agency and Slave Series;
三个“小奴隶”与“奴隶社”及奴隶丛书
To make into or as if into a slave.
使成为奴隶使成为奴隶或使变得象奴隶一样
Of, relating to, or characteristic of the Huns.
匈奴的，匈奴似的匈奴人的，与匈奴人有关的，匈牙利似的
Thrall. Subject is your slave forever.
奴役术：受术者永久成为你的奴隶。
Advocating the practice of slavery.
赞成奴隶制的提倡实行奴隶制的
Slaver used to ship slaves from Africa to America.
奴隶贩子过去把奴隶由非洲运到美洲。
The cruel serf-owner put out the serf's eyes.
残忍的农奴主挖掉了农奴的眼睛。
He redeemed the slaves from the control of the owner.
他从奴隶主那里把这些奴隶赎了回来。
The masses of serfs and slaves had no right to receive education.
广大农奴和奴隶没有接受教育的权利。
No one shall be held in slavery or servitude.
不论何人均不得被处为奴隶或奴役。
a ship used to transport slaves from their homes to places of bondage.
从家乡运送奴隶到奴役地的船。
