In rich and great ancient Rome law, We can note: Some special system, it was different with the strict attention over-detailed formalities ancient times legal system, it looked like one to surge in the Roman law history perpetual flow running water which slow inundated, it was in the Roman law judge system.
在丰富而博大的古罗马法中，我们会注意到：有一个特别的制度，它与严格注重繁文缛节的古代司法制度不同，它像一股涌动在缓漫的罗马法史长河中的活水，它就是罗马法中的裁判官制度。
Therefore, an exact understanding of the word of praetor should be done according to different period and function and we can translate it to judge, but better as vice-executive.
因此,对Praetor一词的准确把握,应依据其在不同时期的不同职能进行,不能通译为裁判官,最好的释义是副执政官。
Confessio in iure
在裁判官面前承认对方的权利
Acknowledgment, recognition, or jurisdiction; the assumption of jurisdiction in a case.
裁判权，司法权承认、认可或司法；案件的司法设想
The court have no jurisdiction over foreign diplomat living In this country
法院对驻本国的外交官无裁判权
The court has no jurisdiction over foreign diplomat living in this country.
法院对驻本国的外交官无裁判权。
Digital Situation and the Evolution of Judgment,Right and Transfer of (Curriculum) Knowledge;
数字化境遇与(课程)知识的裁判、权利和传承方式的变迁
A written declaration made under oath before a notary public or other authorized officer.
宣誓书在公证人或其他裁判官员面前经宣誓而立下的书面声明
On the Recognition and Enforcement of Forcign Judgments and Arbitration Awards in Peru;
秘鲁对外国判决和仲裁裁决的承认与执行
Postulatio iudicis
由裁判官选任承审案件的民选法官
entry of judg(e)ment on an award
承认仲裁裁决的法院判决
These rights include the right not to incriminate oneself, the right to be represented by an attorney, and the right to confront and cross-examine his or her accusers.
这些权利包括（在未宣判前）不可宣告某人有罪， 可以获得律师辩护的权利，有权与控诉方对质。
The psychologic factor that influence the correct judgement rate of basketball referees;
论篮球裁判员正判率在心理因素方面的影判
The judicial notice and inference are all the judging action to find fact according to authority during a trial.
司法认知和推定都是法官在审判过程中依据职权对事实进行认定的审判职权行为。
The court pronounced against my claim to the land.
法庭宣判不承认我对这片土地的权益。
assume jurisdiction,to
接管管辖权；接管裁判权；承担管辖权；承担裁判权
The Basketball Judges Apply the "Favourable or Unfavourble" Principles on the Field--Discusss the executive technique of the judges;
论篮球裁判员在场上对“有利无利”原则的应用——谈裁判员的执法技巧
On Different Principles of Proving Responsibility Borne and Judges' Verdict--A Perspective of Judges' Investigation Rights Beyond Court in Criminal Suits
试论证明责任承担和法官裁判的不同原理——以刑事诉讼中法官庭外调查权为视角
A judge or other official with immediate rather than delegated jurisdiction.
法官或其它官员有直接裁判权而非被授权的法官或其他官员
Among superpowers the winner in a crisis must carefully judge when to rub in this fact to his opponent.
在超级大国之间，一场危机的胜利者必须慎重判断迫使对方承认这一事实的时机。
