kin是什么意思

英文词源

kin

kin: [OE] Kin is the central English member of the Germanic branch of a vast family of words that trace their ancestry back to the prehistoric Indo- European base *gen-, *gon-, *gn-, denoting ‘produce’ (the Latin branch has given English gender, general, generate, genital, nature, etc, the Greek branch gene, genetic, gonorrhoea, etc).

Amongst the Germanic descendants of this base was *kun-, from which was derived the noun *kunjam, source of Swedish kön ‘sex’ and English kin ‘family’. Kindred [12] was formed from kin in early Middle English by adding the suffix -red ‘condition’ (as in hatred). Also closely related are kind and king.
=> gender, gene, general, generate, genital, kind, kindred, king, nature

kin (n.)

c. 1200, from Old English cynn "family; race; kind, sort, rank; nature; gender, sex," from Proto-Germanic *kunjam "family" (cognates: Old Frisian kenn, Old Saxon kunni, Old Norse kyn, Old High German chunni "kin, race;" Danish and Swedish kön, Middle Dutch, Dutch kunne "sex, gender;" Gothic kuni "family, race," Old Norse kundr "son," German Kind "child"), from PIE *gene- "to produce" (see genus).