Then, it points out that viewed from the perspective of the cultural history of translation in India, Indiantranslation manifested a pattern of development that can be divided into three stages: (1) cultural export, (2) cultural interaction, and (3) culturalcontention.
本文考察了印度的翻译文化及翻译实践,认为从印度翻译文化史的角度看,印度翻译走过了从文化输出到文化互动再到文化抗衡的历程,其中文化输出、文化互动主要表现在梵文翻译中,文化抗衡主要表现在法国文学翻译和语用翻译中。
To reproduce or reprint(an article or excerpt.
重印，翻印复制或重新印行（文章或摘录）
copyrighted (= copyright reserved)
版权所有（不得翻印）
There are lots of pirated editions.
有许多非法翻印的版本。
the painting was reproduced humiliatingly small.
那幅画翻印得太小，真是丢脸。
The drawings for the new dress collection is pirated in the Far East .
新裙子系列的图样是远东非法翻印的。
all rights (are) reserved.
保留所有权利(版权所有，不许翻印)。
Pirating the Book infringed the author's copyright
非法翻印这本书侵犯了作者的版权
This photo was reproduced by courtesy of the General Electric Company.
这张照片是承蒙通用电气公司许可而翻印的。
These photos were reproduced by courtesy of the General Electric Company.
这些相片是征得“通用电气公司”的许可而翻印的。
The design for the new dress collection is pirate in the far east.
新式服装的系列设计在远东被非法翻印（剽窃）。
All rights reserved throughout the world.
版权所有，严禁擅自转载、翻印本书的内容。
You have to have special permission to reprint any article from this magazine.
你必须得到特别的许可才能翻印这杂志上的文章。
CopyLEFT is reserved. No more copyRIGHT, please!
（版权通通没有，翻印绝对不究，转载到哪随你，拜托不要问我！
To make use of or reproduce(another's work)without authorization.
非法翻印，非法仿制未经授权而使用或复制他人（作品）
Scott, and later Dickens, flooded the country in printed editions.
司各特和后来狄更斯作品的翻印本充斥全国各地。
English Translation in Munilingualism-Review of Translating India-The Cultural Politics of English;
多语境下的英语翻译——《印度的英语翻译》简评
Ttanslation Criticism:From Impression To Scientific Aproaches--On Scientific Nature Of Translation Criticism;
翻译批评:从印象到科学——浅谈翻译批评的科学性
Translation in India: From Cultural Export to Cultural Contention;
印度的翻译:从文化输出到文化抗衡
